The Englynion y Beddau (English: The Stanzas or Verses of the Graves) is a Middle Welsh verse catalogue listing the resting places (beddau) of legendary heroes. It consists of a series of englynion, or short stanzas in quantitative meter, and survives in a number of manuscripts. The collection is thought to be considerably older than its earliest manuscript, the 13th-century Black Book of Carmarthen, and provides an important early glimpse at medieval Welsh heroic tradition and topographical folklore.
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and /Y Cymmrodor vol 18
| Englynion y Beddau | Stanzas Of The Graves |
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E betev ae gulich y glav,- gvir ny tywnassint vy dignav: Kerwid a Chivrid a Chav. | The graves the rain makes wet and sleek, Not men who turned the other cheek, Cerwyd, and Cywryd, and Caw. |
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E betev ae tut gvitwal,- ny llesseint heb ymtial: Guryen, Morien a Morial. | The graves beneath the thicket’s pall, Not unavenged were seen to fall Guryen, Morien, and Morial. |
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E betev ae gvlich kauad,- gvyr ny llesseint in lledrad: Gwen a Gurien a Guriad. | The graves that a shower wets Of men not slain stealthily Gwyn, and Urien, and Uriad. |
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Bet Tedei tad awen yg godir Brin Aren; yn yd vna ton tolo Bet Dilan Llan Bevno. | The grave of Tydain, father of the Muse, In the region of Bron Aren; Where the wave makes a sullen sound, The grave of Dylan in Llan Beuno. |
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Bet Keri cletifhir ygodir Hen Eglwys yn y diffuis graende, tarv torment, ymynwent Corbre. | The grave of Ceri Gledyvhir, in the region of Hen Eglwys, In a rugged steep place, Tarw Torment in the enclosure of Corbre. |
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Bet Seithennin sinhuir vann y rug Kaer Kenedir a glann mor, mauridic a kinran. | The grave of Siethenhin the weak-minded Between Care Cenedir and the shore Of the great sea and Cinran. |
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En Aber Gwenoli y mae ber Pryderi; yn y terev tonnev tir yg Karrauc bet Gwallauc Hir. | In Aber Gwenoli Is the grave of Pryderi; Where the waves beat against the shore (land). In Carrawg is the grave of Gwallawg Hir. |
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Bet Gwalchmei ym Peryton ir diliv y dyneton; in Llan Padarn bet Kinon. | The grave of Gwalchmai is in Peryddon Where the ninth wave flows; The grave of Cynon is in Llan Badarn. |
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Bet gur gwaud urtin in uchel tytin in isel gwelitin, bet Kynon mab Clytno Idin. | The grave of Gwrwawd of high renown (honorable) is in a lofty region, But a lowly place of repose, The grave of Cynon the son of Clydno Eden. |
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Bet Run mab Pyd in ergid avon in oervel ig gverid; bet Kinon in Reon rid. | The grave of Rhun the son of Pyd is by the river Ergyd, In a cold place in the earth. The grave of Cynon is in Ryd Reon. |
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Piev y bet y dan y brin? Bet gur gurt yg kyniscin, Kinon mab Clytno Idin. | Whose grave is beneath the hill? The grave of a man mightly in conflict, The grave of Cynon the son of Clydno Eden. |
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Bet mab Ossran yg Camlann, gvydi llauer kywlavan; bet Bedwir in alld Tryvan. | The grave of the son of Osvran is in Camlann, After many a conflict (slaughter); The grave of Bedwyr is in the woody steep of Tryvan. |
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Bet Owein ab Urien im pedrya[e]l bid, dan gverid Llan Morvael; in Abererch Riderch Hael. | The grave of Owain ap Urien at Pedrual, Under the sod at Llan Morvael; (Pedrual: Rhos Bedrual outside of Caernarvon on the Llanberis Road), In Abererech, that of Rydderch Hael. |
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Guydi gurum a choch a chein a goruytaur maur minrein, in Llan Helet bet Owein. | After things blue, and red, and fair, And tough-necked horses, big and brave, In Llan Heledd is Owein’s grave. (Llanhilleth thus Owain Finddu son of Maximus, brother of Constantine) |
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Gwydi gweli a gaedlan a gviscav seirch, a meirch cann, neud ew hun bet Kintilan. | After wounds and bloody plains, and wearing harness and riding white horses, This, even this, is the grave of Cynddylan. |
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Piev y bet da y cystlun a wnai ar Loegir lv kigrun? Bet Gwen ab Llyuarch Hen hun. | Whose is the grave of good connections He who would attack Lloegir of the compact host? The grave of Gwen, the son of Llywarch Hen. |
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Piev y bet in yr amgant ae tut mor a goror nant? Bet Meigen mab Run, rviw cant. | Whose is the grave in the circular space, Which is covered by the sea and the border of the valley? The grave of Meigen ap Rhun, the ruler of a hundred. |
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Piev y bet in yr inis ae tut mor a goror gwris? Bet Meigen mab Run, rvif llis. | Whose is the grave in the island, Which is covered by the sea in a border of tumult? The grave of Meigen ap Rhun, the ruler of a court. |
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Es cul y bet ys hir in llurv llyaus Amhir, Bet Meigen mab Run, ruyw gwir. | Narrow is the grave and long, With respect to many long every way:-- The grave of Meigen ap Rhun, the ruler of right. |
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Tri bet tri bodauc in arterchauc brin ym Pant Gwinn Gvinionauc: Mor a Meilir a Madauc. | Three graves of the steady ones on an outstanding hill In the fair valley of Gwynionawg Mor and Meilir and Madawg. |
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Bet Madauc, mur egluc yg kywluc kinhen, vir Vrien gorev[c], mab y Guyn o Winllyuc. | The grave of Madawg, the splendid bulwark, in the meeting of contention, The grandson of Urien, The son of Gwyn of Gwynlliwg. |
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Bet Mor maurhidic, diessic unben, post kinhen kinteic, mab Peredur Penwetic. | The grave of Mor, the magnificent, immovable sovereign, The foremost pillar in the conflict, The son of Peredur Penwedig. |
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Bet Meilir maluinauc saluvodauc sinhvir, ffiscad fuir fodiauc, mab y Bruin o Bricheinauc. | The grave of Meilyr Malwynawg of a sullenly-disposed mind, The hastener of a fortunate career, Son to Brwyn of Brycheinawg. |
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Piev y bet in Rid Vaen Ked ae pen gan yr anvaered? Bet Run mab Alun Diwed. | Whose is the grave in Ryd Vaed Ced With its head in a downward direction? The grave of Run ap Alun Dyfed. |
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Bet Alun Dywed yn y drewred drav, ny kiliei o caled, mab Meigan mad pan aned. | The grave of Alun Dyfed is over there He never retreated from battle The son of Meigen, happy in his birth. |
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Bet Llia Gvitel in argel Arduduy dan y gvelt ae gvevel; bet Epint inyffrin[t] Gewel. | The grave of Llia the Gwyddel is the great Ardudwy, Under the grass and withered leaves; The grave of Epynt is in the vale of Gwewl. |
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Bet Dywel mab Erbin ig gwestedin Caeav ny bitei gur y breinhin, divei ny ochelei trin. | The grave of Dywel ap Erbin is in the plain of Caeaw; He would not be a vassal to a king; Blameless, he would not shrink from battle. |
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Bet Gurgi gvychit a Guindodit lev a bet Llaur, llu ouit, yg guarthaw Guanas Guyr yssit. | The grave of Gwrgi, a hero and Gwynddodian lion; And the grave of Llawr, the regulator of hosts, In the upper part of Gwanas the men are! |
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E beteu hir yg Guanas,- ny chauas ae dioes pvy vynt vy, pvy eu neges. | The long graves in Gwanas-- There history is not had, Whose they are and what their deeds. |
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Teulu Oeth ac Anoeth a dyuu ynoeth y eu gur, y eu guas; ae ceisso vy clated Guanas. | There has been the family of Oeth and Anoeth-- Naked are the men and their youth-- Let him who seeks them dig in Gwanas. |
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Bet Llvch Llaueghin ar Certenhin avon, pen Saeson suyt Erbin, ny bitei drimis hrb drin. | The grave of Llwch Llawengin is on the river Cerddenin, The head of the Saxons of the district of Erbin; He would not be three months without battle. |
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E beteu yn Hir Vynyt yn llvyr y guyr lluossit: bet Gvryen gvrhyd enguavc a Llvytauc uab Lliwelit. | The graves in the Long Mountain-- Multitudes well know it-- Are the graves of Gwryen, Gwryd Engwawd, and Llwyddawg ap Lliwelydd. |
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Pieu yr bet yn y mynyt a lyviasei luossit? Bet Fyrnuael Hael ab Hyvlyt. | Whose is the grave in the mountain? One who marshalled armies? It is the grave of Ffyrnwael Hael ab Hywlydd. |
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Pieu ir bet hun? Bet Eitivlch Hir, ig gurthtir Pennant Turch, mab Arthan gywlauan gyuulch. | Whose grave is this? The grave of Eiddiwlch the Tall, In the upland of Pennant Twrch, The son of Arthan, accustomed to slaughter. |
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Bet Llev Llaugyfes y dan achles mor, yn y bu y gywnes, gur guir y neb ny rodes. | The grave of Llew Llawgyffes under the protection of the sea, With which he was familiar; He was a man that never gave the truth to anyone. |
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Bet Beidauc Rut yn amgant Riv Lyvnav, bet Lluoscar yg Keri, ac yn Ryd Britu bet Omni. | The grave of Beidawg the Ruddy in the Vicinity of Riw Llywvnaw; The grave of Lluosgar in Ceri; And at Ryd Bridw the grave of Omni. |
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Pell y vysci ac argut, gueryd Machave ae cut: hirguyn bysset Beidauc Rut. | Far his turmoil and his seclusion; The sod of Machawe conceals him; Long the lamentations for the prowess of Beidawg the Ruddy. |
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Pell y vysci ac anau, gueryd Machave arnau, Beidauc Rut ab Emer Llydau. | Far his turmoil and his fame-- The sod of Machawe is upon him-- This is Beidawg the Ruddy, son of Emyr Llydaw. |
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Bet unpen o Priden yn lleutir Guynnassed, yn yd a Lliv yn Llychur; ig Kelli Uriauael bet Gyrthmul. | The grave of a monarch of Prydain is in Lleudir Gwynasedd Where the flood enters the Llychwr; In Celli Briafael, the grave of Gyrthmwl. |
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E bet yn Ystyuacheu y mae paup yn y amheu, bet Gurtheyrn Gurtheneu. | The grave in Ystyuachau, Which everybody doubts. The grave of Gwrtheyrn Gwrthenau. |
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Kian a ud yn diffeith cnud drav, otuch pen bet alltud, bet Kindilic mab Corknud. | Clan wails in the waste of Cnud, Yonder above the grave of the stranger, The grave of Cynddilig ab Corcnud. |
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Neum duc i Elffin y prowl vy bartrin gessevin vch kinran,- bet Ruvaun ruyvenit ran. | Truly did Elffin bring me to try my primitive bardic lore Over a chieftain, -- The grave of Rwvawn with the imperious aspect. |
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Neum duc i Elffin y browl vy martrin vch kinran gessevin,- bet Ruvaun ry ievanc daerin. | Truly did Elffin bring me to try my bardic lore Over an early chieftain-- The grave of Rwvawn, too early gone to the grave. |
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Bet y March, bet y Guythur, bet y Gugaun Cledyfrut; anoeth bid bet y Arthur. | There is a grave for March*, a grave for Gwythur (Gwythyr)**, A grave for Gwgawn Red-sword***; The world's wonder a grave for Arthur. * March: father of Tristan (See Triad 73) **Gwythyr: father of Guinevere (See Triad 56) ***Gwrgant: the grandfather of Arthur (See Llandaff Charter [17 - 69v]) |
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Bet Elchwith ys gulich [y] glav, Maes Meuetauc y danav; dyliei Kynon y kuinav. | The grave of Elchwith is by the rain bedewed, With the plain of Meweddawg under it; Cynon out to bewail him there. |
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Piev y bet hun, a hun? Gowin ymi, mi ae gun: bet ew bet Eitew oet hun, a bet Eidal tal yscvn. | Who owns this grave? this grave? and this? Ask me, I know it; The grave of Ew, the grave of Eddew was this, And the grave of Eidal with the lofty men. |
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Eitew ac Eidal, diessic alltudion, kanavon cylchuy drei; mekid meibon Meigen meirch mei. | Eiddew and Eidal, the unflinching exiles, The whelps of Cylchwydrai; The sons of Meigen bred war-horses. |
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Piev y bet hun? Bet Bruyno Hir, hydir y wir in y bro: parth yd vei ny bitei fo. | Whose grave is this? Brwyno the Tall, Bold were his men in his region. Where he would be, there would be no flight. |
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Piev y bet hun? nid aral guythuch urth ervid, trath lathei chvartei vrthid. | Who owns this grave--not another? Gwythwch, the vehement in the conflict, While he wuld kill thee, he would laugh at thee. |
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Bet Silit dywal in Edrywuy le, bet Llemenic in Llan Elvy yg Guernin bre bet Eilinvy. | The grave of Silid the intrepid is in the locality of Edrywfy; The grave of Lleminig in Llan Elwy In the swampy upland is the grave of Eilinwy. |
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Bet milur mirein gnaud kelein oe lav kin bu tav y dan mein, Llachar mab Run yg Clun Kein. | The grave of a stately warrior; many a carcass was usual from his hand, Before he became silent beneath the stones; Llachar ab Rhun, is in the valley of the Cein. |
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Bet Talan talyrth yn ygyrth teircad, kymynad pen pop nyrth, hyget, agoret y pirth. | The grave of Talan Talyrth is at the contention of three battles, A hewer down of the head of every force, Liberal was he, and open his gates. |
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Bet Elissner ab Ner inywinder daear, diarchar dibryder, pen llv tra wu y amser. | The grave of Elissner ab Ner is in the depth of the earth, Without fear, without concern; A comander of hosts was he, so long as his time lasted. |
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Bet gur gurt y var, Llachar llyv niver, in aber duwir Dyar, yn y gvna Tavue toniar. | The grave of a hero vehement in his rage, Llachar the ruler of hosts, at the confluence of noisy waters, Where the Tawne forms a wave. |
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Piev y bet in y Ridev? Bet Ruyw yw, mab Rigenev, gur a digonei da ar y arwev. | Whose graves in the fords? The grave of Ruyw the chieftain, son of Rygenau, A man whose arms had abundant success. |
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Piev y bet hun? Bet Breint y rug Llewni ae lledneint, bet gur guae y isscereint. | Whose grave is this? The grave of Breint Between Llewni and Llednaint-- The grave of a man, the woe of his foes. |
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Piev y bet in llethir y brin? Llauer nys guir ae gowin: bet y Coel mab Kinvelin. | Whose is the grave on the slope of the hill? Men know who do not ask; The grave of Coel ab Cynvelyn. |
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Bet Deheveint ar Cleveint awon, yg gurthtir Mathauarn, ystifful kedwir cadarn. | The grave of Dehewaint is on the river Clyweint, In the uplands of Mathavarn, The support of mighty warriors. |
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Bet Aron mab Diwinvin in Hirgweun le; ny dodei lew ar ladron, ny rotei gwir y alon. | The grave of Aron ap Dewinvin, is in the land of Gwenle; He would not shout after thieves, Nor disclose the truth to enemies. |
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Bet Tawlogev mab Llut in y trewrud trav, mal y mae in y kystut, ae clathei, [ef] caffei but. | The grave of Tavlogau ab Lludd is far away in Trewrudd; And thus to us there is affliction; He who buried him obtained an advantage. |
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Piev y bet ar lan Ryddnant? Run y env, radev keucant, ri ew, Riogan ae gvant. | Whose is the grave on the banks of the Rhydnant? Rhun was his name, of the steady progress, He was a king; Rhiogan slew him. |
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Oet ef kyfnissen y holi galanas, gua[iua]wr [r]ut, grut aten; a chen bvir but, bet Bradwen. | He was like Cyvnyssen to demand satisfaction for murder, Ruddy was his lance, serene his aspect; Who derived the benefit? The grave of Bradwen. |
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Piev y bet pedrival ae pedwar mein am y tal? Bet Madauc, marchauc dywal. | Whose is the four-sided grave With the four stones about its head? The grave of Madawg, savage horseman. |
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En Eiwonit, Elvit tir, y mae [bet] gur hyduf hir: lleas paup pan rydighir. | In the soil of the region of Eiwonydd, There is a tall man of fine growth, Who would kill all when he was greatly enraged. |
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E tri bet yg Kewin Kelvi, awen ae divaud imi: bet Kinon garv y duyael, bet Kinvael, bet Kinveli. | The three graves on the ridge of Celvi Inspiration has declared them to me; The grave of Cynon of the rugged brows, The grave of Cynfael, the grave of Cynfeli. |
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Bet Llvid lledneis ig Kemeis tir: kin boed hir tuw y eis, dygirchei tarv trin o treis. | The grave of Llwid Llednais in the land of Cemmaes Before his ribs had grown long, The bull of conflict brought oppression thither. |
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Bet Siaun svberv in Hirerv minit y rug y gverid ae derv, chuerthinauc, bra[da]uc, bridchuerv. | The grave of Siawn’s is on Hirerw Mound Between the earth and his oaken shroud, A treacherous smiler, bitter, proud. |
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Piev y bet in y clidur? Tra wu ny bv eitilur,- bet Ebediv am Maelur. | Whose is the grave in the sheltered place? While he was, he was no weaking,-- It is the grave of Ebediw ab Maelwr. |
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Piev y bet in yr allt trav? Gelin y lauer y lav, tarv trin, trugaret itav. | Whose is the grave on yonder scree? His hand was foe to many. Battle’s bull, may he win mercy! |
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Y beddau yn y Morua, ys bychan ay haelewy: y mae Sanant, syberw vun, y mae Run ryuel afwy, y mae Garrwen verch Hennin, y mae Lledin a Llywy. | The graves on the marsh strand; So few to lament Here is Sanawg, proud girl, Here is Rhun, battle seeker, Here is Carrwen, daughter of Hennin Here are Lledin and Llywy. |
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Bed Hennin Henben yn aelwyt Dinorben, bed Airgwl yn Dyuet; yn Ryt Gynan Cyhoret. | The grave of Hennin Henben is in Dinorben The grave of Airgwl is in Dyfed; At the ford of Cynan Cyhoret. |
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Gogyuarch pob diara pieu yr vedgor yssy yma: bed Einyawn ab Cunedda, cwl ym Prydein y ddiua. | Every one that is not dilatory inquires--- Whose is the mausoleum that is here? It is the grave of Einyawn, the son of Cunedda; It is a disgrace that in Prydain he should have been slain. |
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Piev yr bed yn y Maes Mawr? Balch y law ar y lafnawr,- Bed Beli ab Benlli Gawr. | Whose is the grave in the great plain? His hand was proud upon his blades; The grave of Beli ab Benlli Gawr. |